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by Edsel Collins -
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In an effort to support field-dependent learners in becoming more field-independent, I would adjust listening and speaking activities across settings:

  • Whole Class: Use structured academic discussions where students respond to open-ended questions with sentence frames. This encourages independent thought while still offering scaffolding.
  • Buddies: Pair students for think-pair-share. Each partner practices summarizing ideas before sharing with the class, building confidence in individual expression.
  • Small Groups: Assign rotating roles (discussion leader, recorder, presenter) so students gradually take responsibility for processing and sharing information independently.
  • Individual/One-to-One After School: Provide targeted conferencing where students rehearse speaking tasks (e.g., summarizing a text) with immediate feedback. This setting allows focused skill-building and personalized strategies for moving toward independence.

This progression balances structured support with opportunities for students to strengthen autonomy in listening and speaking.